Anoushka Rustagi

First Name: 
Anoushka
Last Name: 
Rustagi
Mentor: 
Dr. Hao Yan
Abstract: 
Piezophiles are deep sea creatures that are optimized to withstand the intense pressure of the deep sea. The molecular mechanism for this ability is still incompletely understood. Organisms experience stiffening of the cell membrane in response to high pressures, and our hypothesis is that there is a pressure at which the membrane will transition from a fluid phase to a gel phase. In order to understand how the lipid bilayer phase and amount of pressure were related, we used experimental and computational methods. Using the Raman microscope and laser, we analyzed the bond distribution of different lipid samples in a hydrostatic high pressure cell, and found a main phase transition. We also did calculations with lipid bilayer simulations to observe how increase in pressure affected the angle between lipid tails and the area per lipid. Using these methods, we were able to develop trends for the lipid phases in relation to pressure. With a small increase in pressure, the lipid bilayer transitioned from the fluid to the ripple phase, which is an intermediate phase between the fluid and gel phases. With a larger, sustained increase in pressure, the lipid bilayer transitioned from the ripple phase to the gel phase. When the pressure was reduced, the bilayer transitioned back to a more fluid state. These results show that the amount of pressure applied and the state of solidification of the lipid bilayer are positively correlated.
Poster: 
Understanding Pressure-Driven Phase Transitions of Lipid Bilayers with Experimental and Computationa
Year: 
2021